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Archives For korean phrases
Deferential: 저는 지난 3년간 서울에서 살았습니다.
Polite: 저는 지난 3년간 서울에서 살았어요.
Translation: I’ve been living in Seoul for 3 years.
저 = I (you can also use the contraction 전 = 저는)
-는 = topic marking particle
지난 = last
년간 = years
서울 = Seoul
-에서 = location marking particle used for places where actions are taking place (in this case the act of living)
살다 = to live, be alive
았 = past tense verb ending (either 았 or 었)
습니다 = deferential verb ending
요 = polite verb ending
Deferential: 그들은 지난 달부터 사귀기 시작했습니다.
Polite: 그들은 지난 달부터 사귀기 시작했어요.
Intimate: 그들은 지난 달부터 사귀기 시작했어.
Translation: They started dating last month.
그들 = they, their, them
은 = topic marking particle
지난 = last
달 = month
부터 = from, since
사귀다 = to date, to go out, to get close
-기 = verb ending meaning doing, being, to do, to be (example: 읽기 시작하다 = begin to read, start to read, to read)
시작 = start, beginning, begin
하다 = to do (했다 = past tense)
습니다 = deferential verb ending
요 = polite verb ending
Deferential: 이따 오후에 직원회의가 있습니다.
Polite: 이따 오후에 직원회의가 있어요.
Translation: There’s a staff meeting later on this afternoon.
이따: later, after a while
오후: afternoon
에: location marking particle meaning at or to. used only for inanimate objects
직원: employee
회의: meeting, conference
therefore 직원 + 회의 = 직원회의 or staff meeting
가: subject marking particle
있다: to have or to be
ㅂ니다: deferential verb ending
요: polite verb ending
Deferential: 저는 피아노를 잘 칩니다.
Polite: 저는 (or 전) 피아노를 잘 쳐요.
Intimate: 나는 (or 난) 피아노 잘 쳐.
Translation: I play the piano well.
저 = formal “I”
나 = informal “I”
는 = topic marking particle
피아노 = piano
을/를 = object marking particle
잘 = well
치디 = to hit, to play by hitting (such as sports)
ㅂ니다 = deferential verb ending
요 = polite verb ending
Deferential: 저는 여권을 갱신해야 합니다.
Polite: 저는 여권을 갱신해야해요.
Intimate: 난 여권 갱신해야해.
Translation: I need to renew my passport.
저 = formal “I”
는 = topic marking particle
여권 = passport
을 = object marking particle
갱신하다 = act of renewing (갱신 – renewal + 하다 – to do)
야하다 = have to or must do something
니다 = deferential verb ending
